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General references on atmosphere and aerosol modeling

  • Jacobson, M.: Fundamentals of Atmospheric Modeling, 2rd Edition. 2005. Cambridge University Press, New York.

  • Seinfeld, J. and Pandis, S.: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics: From Air Pollution to Climate Change, 3rd Edition. 2016. John Wiley & Sons, New York.

Earlier work that formed the foundation of MAM

  • Whitby, E. R., P. McMurry, U. Shankar, and F. Binkowski: Modal aerosol dynamics modeling. Technical report, Computer Sciences Corp., Research Triangle Park, NC (USA), 1991.

  • Easter, R. C., Ghan, S. J., Zhang, Y., Saylor, R. D., Chapman, E. G., Laulainen, N. S., Abdul-Razzak, H., Leung, L. R., Bian, X., and Zaveri, R. A., MIRAGE: Model description and evaluation of aerosols and trace gases, J. Geophys. Res., 109, D20210, doi:10.1029/2004JD004571, 2004

  • Ghan, S., and R. Easter: Impact of cloud-borne aerosol representation on aerosol direct and indirect effects, Atm. Chem. Phys., 6, 4163-4174, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-6-4163-2006, 2006

Overviews of various versions of MAM

  • Liu, X., Easter, R. C., Ghan, S. J., Zaveri, R., Rasch, P., Shi, X., Lamarque, J.-F., Gettelman, A., Morrison, H., Vitt, F., Conley, A., Park, S., Neale, R., Hannay, C., Ekman, A. M. L., Hess, P., Mahowald, N., Collins, W., Iacono, M. J., Bretherton, C. S., Flan-ner, M. G., and Mitchell, D.: Toward a minimal representation of aerosols in climate models: description and evaluation in the Community Atmosphere Model CAM5, Geosci. Model Dev., 5, 709–739, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-5-709-2012, 2012.

  • Liu, X., Ma, P.-L., Wang, H., Tilmes, S., Singh, B., Easter, R. C., Ghan, S. J., and Rasch, P.: Description and evaluation of a new four– mode version of the Modal Aerosol Module (MAM4) within version 5.3 of the Community Atmosphere Model, Geosci. Model Dev., 9, 505–522, https://doi.org/doi.org/10.5194/gmd-9-505-2016, 2016.

  • Wang, H., Easter, R. C., Zhang, R., Ma, P.-L., Singh, B., Zhang, K., Ganguly, D., Rasch, P. J., Burrows, S. M., Ghan, S. J., Lou, S., Qian, Y., Yang, Y., Feng, Y., Flanner, M., Leung, R. L., Liu, X., Shrivastava, M., Sun, J., Tang, Q., Xie, S., and Yoon, J.-H.: Aerosols in the E3SM Version 1: New Developments and Their Impacts on Radiative Forcing, Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, 12, e2019MS001 851, https://doi.org/10.1029/2019MS001851, 2020.

Papers detailing specific parameterizations

Aerosol nucleation

  • Vehkamaki, H., Kulmala, M., Napari, I., Lehtinen, K. E. J., Timmreck, C., Noppel, M., and Laaksonen, A., An improved parameterization for sulfuric acid–water nucleation rates for tropospheric and stratospheric conditions, J. Geophys. Res., 107( D22), 4622, doi:10.1029/2002JD002184, 2002.

  • Vehkamaki, H., Kulmala, M., Napari, I., Lehtinen, K. E. J., Timmreck, C., Noppel, M., and Laaksonen, A. (2013), Correction to ``An improved parameterization for sulfuric acid/water nucleation rates for tropospheric and stratospheric conditions”, J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 118, 9330, doi:10.1002/jgrd.50603.

  • Merikanto, J., Napari, I., Vehkamäki, H., Anttila, T., and Kulmala, M. (2007), New parameterization of sulfuric acid-ammonia-water ternary nucleation rates at tropospheric conditions, J. Geophys. Res., 112, D15207, doi:10.1029/2006JD007977.

  • Merikanto, J., Napari, I., Vehkamäki, H., Anttila, T., and Kulmala, M. (2009), Correction to “New parameterization of sulfuric acid-ammonia-water ternary nucleation rates at tropospheric conditions”, J. Geophys. Res., 114, D09206, doi:10.1029/2009JD012136.

  • Veli-Matti Kerminen and Markku Kulmala (2002): Analytical formulae connecting the “real” and the “apparent” nucleation rate and the nuclei number concentration for atmospheric nucleation events, Journal of Aerosol Science, 33(4), 609-622, doi:10.1016/S0021-8502(01)00194-X

  • Wang, M. and J. E. Penner. Aerosol indirect forcing in a global model with particle nucleation. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 9(1):239–260, 2009. doi: 10.5194/acp-9-239-2009

  • Sihto, S.-L., M. Kulmala, V.-M. Kerminen, M. Dal Maso, T. Peta ̈ja ̈, I. Riipinen, H. Korhonen, F. Arnold, R. Janson, M. Boy, A. Laaksonen, and K. E. J. Lehtinen. Atmospheric sulphuric acid and aerosol formation: implications from atmospheric measurements for nucleation and early growth mechanisms. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 6(12):4079–4091, 2006. doi:10.5194/acp-6-4079-2006

Gas-aerosol mass exchange

  • Fuchs, N. and A. Sutugin (1971). High dispersed aerosols: in: Topics in current aerosol research, edited by: Hidy, gm and brock, jr, vol. 2.

  • Fuller, E. N., K. Ensley, and J. C. Giddings (1969). Diffusion of halogenated hydrocarbons in helium. the effect of structure on collision cross sections. The Journal of Physical Chemistry 73(11), 3679–3685.

  • Fuller, E. N., P. D. Schettler, and J. C. Giddings (1966). New method for prediction of binary gas-phase diffusion coefficients. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry 58(5), 18–27.

  • Poling, B. E., J. M. Prausnitz, J. P. O’connell, et al. (2001). The properties of gases and liquids, Volume 5. Mcgraw-hill New York.

  • P\(\rm{\ddot{o}}\)schl, U., M. Canagaratna, J. T. Jayne, L. T. Molina, D. R. Worsnop, C. E. Kolb, and M. J. Molina (1998). Mass accommodation coefficient of h2so4 vapor on aqueous sulfuric acid surfaces and gaseous diffusion coefficient of h2so4 in n2/h2o. The Journal of Physical Chemistry A 102(49), 10082–10089. Seinfeld, J. H. and S. N. Pandis (2006). Atmospheric chemistry and physics: from air pollution to climate change. John Wiley & Sons.

  • Tang, M., M. Shiraiwa, U. P\(\rm{\ddot{o}}\)schl, R. Cox, and M. Kalberer (2015). Compilation and evaluation of gas phase diffusion coefficients of reactive trace gases in the atmosphere: Volume 2. diffusivities of organic com- pounds, pressure-normalised mean free paths, and average knudsen numbers for gas uptake calculations. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 15(10), 5585–5598.

  • Zaveri, R. A., Easter, R. C., Fast, J. D., and Peters, L. K. (2008): Model for simulating aerosol interactions and chemistry (MOSAIC). Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 113(D13)

Aerosol coagulation

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